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Ionospheric sounder
It is used to test the elastic modulus of materials in a high-temperature vacuum environment, including metals, alloys, ceramics, concrete, cement, glass and rocks and other types of materials.
The vertical ionospheric sounder is an active system based on high-frequency radar, called the ionospheric sounder, whose purpose is to detect and range the frequency changes of the ionosphere in the high-frequency region. The time delay between the transmitted radio frequency pulse and the corresponding echo caused by the ionosphere is related to the position of the ionosphere.
The graphical representation of delay time and frequency is the main product of vertical detection-ion diagram. The frequency (MHz) is displayed on the horizontal axis, and the virtual height is displayed on the vertical axis, obtained by time delay.
After obtaining the ionospheric map, the next very important process is to retrieve the ionospheric parameters from the map, mainly the critical frequency and the actual height of each layer.
The operation of obtaining ionospheric parameters is called scaling, which can be achieved by manually analyzing the ionospheric map or automatically processing the ionospheric map through special software.
The following briefly introduces the vertical ionospheric detection system AIS-INGV established by the Institute of Geophysics (INGV).
The advanced ionospheric sounding system consists of a main unit, sounding management personal computer and linear power amplifier. The antenna system is not provided by INGV. It consists of two crossed triangular antennas, one for transmission and the other for reception. Each antenna has its own balance resistance and a load resistance.
parameter
Frequency Range
1.00 ÷ 20.00 MHz
Frequency resolution
50.0 kHz or 100.0 kHz
Height range
90 ÷ 750 km
Height resolution
4.5 km
Receiver sensitivity
≈ -85 dBm for 0 dB S/N
Transmitting power (peak value)
200 – 500 W (depending on the selected amplifier)
Encoding type
16 bit Complementary bi-phase code
Pulse width
480 μS
Maximum pulse repetition frequency
60 Hz
Maximum duty cycle
5.7%
Average power
≈ 12 – 30 W
Scan duration (1 – 20 MHz)
250 s (max)
因用于机器人各方面应用且与大多数机器人类型兼容,AutoCal系统可以检测出机器人自身构造和工具中心点(TCP)的 突然改变或偏离,并且该系统无需人为干涉就自动地更正这些误差。
AutoCal系统-Dynalog的先进水平校准技术,Dynalog是机器人单元标定技术的世界领导者。它的主流产品DynaCal 系统,被应用于离线的机器人单元校准,并作为最精确的和技术先进的机器人校准程序为许多机器人制造商和终端使用者所接受。AutoCal 系统将已证实的DynaCal校准技术结合到一个在线的全自动系统中,该系统专为程序控制和复原而设计的,价格低廉。
AutoCal系统提供在线的机器人校准方案,旨在快速和自动地保证机械设备的工作性能。因用于机器人各方面应用且与大多数机器人类型兼容,AutoCal系统可以检测出机器人自身构造和工具中心点(TCP)的 突然改变或偏离,并且该系统无需人为干涉就自动地更正这些误差。这意味着不用猜测哪里会出错,不用浪费宝贵时间在机器人程序重复校准上,产品品质无任何损失。
AutoCal系统-Dynalog的先进水平校准技术,Dynalog是机器人单元标定技术的世界领导者。它的主流产品DynaCal 系统,被应用于离线的机器人单元校准,并作为最精确的和技术先进的机器人校准程序为许多机器人制造商和终端使用者所接受。AutoCal 系统将已证实的DynaCal校准技术结合到一个在线的全自动系统中,该系统专为程序控制和复原而设计的,价格低廉。